What does a curb bit do?

A curb bit exerts leverage on the horse's head, which is a key feature that distinguishes it from other types of bits. When the reins are pulled, the curb chain, which runs under the horse's chin, creates a lifting action at the poll, resulting in increased control and responsiveness from the horse. This lever action is facilitated by the shank lengths of the curb bit, which amplify the pressure exerted through the reins.

This characteristic makes curb bits particularly effective for more advanced riders and in disciplines where precise control is needed, such as in certain types of showing or working cattle. Understanding this mechanism is crucial for safe and effective riding, as it highlights the importance of using the curb bit with proper training and care to avoid miscommunication with the horse. In contrast, other types of bits, such as snaffle bits, do not create this leverage effect, focusing instead on direct pressure. This fundamental difference is essential for selecting the appropriate bit for training and horseback riding.